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KMID : 0356920080550060675
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Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
2008 Volume.55 No. 6 p.675 ~ p.679
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The pain caused by a 2% propofol target-controlled infusion during anesthesia induction in adults
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Jung Chul-Woo
Lee Jung-Man
Yoo Seung-Yeon
Lee Kook-Hyun
Lee Jeong-Rim
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Abstract
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Background: An increasing number of cases of target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol have substituted 2% propofol for 1% due to the concerns about lipid deposition and the practical convenience. However, 2% propofol may possess a higher proportion of free aqueous propofol because of the relatively decreased lipid-solvent ratio as compared to that for 1% propofol. We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial to evaluate the pain of 1% and 2% propofol TCI. The efficacy of lidocaine pretreatment to abolish the pain was also tested for each concentration of propofol.
Methods: Two hundred adult patients were randomly allocated to 4 groups according to the pretreatment drugs and propofol concentrations; placebo (normal saline) and 1% propofol group (group 1), placebo and 2% propofol group (group 2), lidocaine and 1% propofol group (group 1L), and lidocaine and 2% propofol group (group 2L). Administration of pretreatment drug was followed by TCI with using each concentration of propofol. Pain was assessed using a four-point scale during propofol infusion.
Results: Propofol pain was more frequent (82% vs. 63%, respectively, P = 0.026), and severe (P = 0.002) for the group 2 than for group 1. Pain was significantly reduced by lidocaine pretreatment in the group 2L (48%) and group 1L (19%), as compared with group 2 (82%) and group 1 (63%), respectively (P ＜ 0.001, both). However, group 2L still showed considerable pain that was similar to the pain of group 1.
Conclusions: TCI of 2% propofol caused more frequent and severe pain despite of lidocaine pretreatment. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2008; 55: 675∼9)
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KEYWORD
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concentration, lidocaine, pain, propofol
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